(also leaf-spine, spine-leaf architecture)
Data center topology with two switching layers — a leaf layer and a spine layer. Leaf switches collect traffic from end devices, while spine switches connect all leaf switches together. Every spine switch is connected to every leaf switch at the same time.
Improved redundancy over three-tier architecture
Easy to scale — adding more spine switches solves oversubscription, while adding additional leaf switches addresses port density
Lower latency — in the majority of cases, there are only two hops between the data source and the destination node
