HTTP Strict Transport Security definition

HTTP Strict Transport Security

(also HSTS)

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) operates as a web safety policy tool, safeguarding websites from a range of cyber threats, such as protocol downgrade assaults and cookie theft. It confirms that the user’s browser establishes a connection with the website solely via a secure HTTPS pathway and never through an unsecured HTTP route.

See also: SSL encryption, transport layer

HTTP Strict Transport Security examples

Website protection: HSTS is implemented by websites to ensure user interactions occur only over secure HTTPS, mitigating the risks of man-in-the-middle attacks.
Browser compliance: Most modern web browsers, including Chrome, Firefox, and Safari, support HSTS to reinforce user data safety during online activities.

Advantages and disadvantages of HTTP Strict Transport Security

Pros:

Security enhancement: HSTS significantly boosts web security by enforcing HTTPS encryption, shielding against downgrade attacks and cookie hijacking.
Automatic HTTPS redirection: It reduces the need for manual redirects by automatically switching HTTP requests to HTTPS.

Cons:

Initial connection risk: The first connection to a website is not protected by HSTS, exposing it to potential attacks. This risk is mitigated with HSTS preload lists.
Website inaccessibility: If the SSL certificate of a website using HSTS expires or is misconfigured, the website becomes inaccessible until the issue is resolved.

Using HTTP Strict Transport Security

Web developers should implement HSTS as part of their website security setup to enhance user data protection.
Browser users should keep their browsers updated to ensure HSTS compliance.