Domain-specific language

(also DSL)

Domain-specific language definition

A domain-specific language is a computer language specialized to a particular application domain.

Unlike general-purpose programming languages (Python, Java, or C++), DSLs tackle specific problems within a particular domain.

Specialization. DSLs are highly effective for tackling particular tasks.
Ease of use. For those working within a specific domain, DSLs are easier to learn and use because they align closely with the concepts of that domain.
Integration. DSLs often work in conjunction with general-purpose languages. For instance, SQL queries can be embedded in a Python program to interact with a database.
Efficiency. By focusing on a specific domain, DSLs offer more efficient solutions.
Types of DSLs. There are two main types of DSLs: internal and external. Internal DSLs are built on top of an existing general-purpose language (e.g., LINQ in C#), while external DSLs are stand-alone languages with their syntax and parser.
Limitations. DSLs’ narrow focus means they are unsuitable for tasks outside their specific domain.

SQL. Used for managing and manipulating relational databases. SQL allows users to query, update, and manage data in a database.
HTML. The standard language for creating and designing web pages and web applications.
CSS. Used for describing the presentation of a document written in HTML or XML. It describes how elements should be rendered on screen, in print, or other media.
LaTeX. A typesetting system commonly used for technical and scientific documentation.
MATLAB. A high-level language and interactive environment used for numerical computation, visualization, and programming in science and engineering.