Your IP:Unknown

·

Your Status: Unknown

Skip to main content


Hacking vs. phishing: What's the difference?

Hacking and phishing are two common attacks that cybercriminals use to gain unauthorized access to computer systems. While both methods aim to access sensitive data, each approach works differently. To safeguard computer systems containing sensitive information, it’s essential to understand the different types of cyber threats and implement security measures that address each threat. 

Feb 4, 2025

9 min read

Hacking vs. phishing: What's the difference?

What is hacking?

Hacking refers to any method cybercriminals use to forcibly access sensitive data, exploit resources, or take control of networks. A hacker can use various methods to pull off a hack, including sophisticated techniques to bypass security measures.

The goal of a hacking attempt isn't always to obtain sensitive information. Hackers can steal money, disrupt operations, or expose victims to other kinds of cyber threats. Any attempt to gain unauthorized access to a computer system can be classified as a hacking attempt.

However, not all hacking attempts are made with malicious intent. For example, many businesses hire white hat hackers (penetration testers) to test their cybersecurity measures. These ethical hackers employ the same techniques that cybercriminals use in cyberattacks, but they ultimately identify and address any security vulnerabilities.

What is phishing?

Phishing is a social engineering attack in which cybercriminals pose as a trusted entity to trick individuals into voluntarily giving up confidential information or granting access to restricted systems. Phishing relies on susceptible victims responding to legitimate communication methods, such as malicious links or fake websites.

Phishing attacks are often carried out to acquire details like login credentials. If successful, they can lead to major security incidents, such as identity theft scams.

Because of the personalized nature of phishing attacks, they’re considered one of the most significant cybersecurity threats. A sophisticated phishing attack can bypass standard security defenses since it exploits human error as a vulnerability.

What is the difference between hacking and phishing?

Here are the key distinctions between hacking and phishing:

Hacking

Phishing

Techniques

Malicious software, exploiting security vulnerabilities, physically accessing restricted devices

Unsolicited communications like phone calls, text messages, and emails

Goals

To gain access to restricted information or systems, usually through brute force or security holes

To get credentials that can grant access to restricted information and systems, usually through social engineering

Skill requirements

Generally requires high competency in the use of hacking tools and software

Requires a thorough understanding of their targets and how to extract information from them

Real-life examples

Malware distribution and keylogging

Spoofing, fake websites and emails, malvertising

Techniques: Hacking vs. phishing

Hacking attacks primarily target the components needed to infiltrate a system or network. Most hacking techniques usually revolve around exploiting vulnerabilities in security systems, devices, or other security gaps that allow cyberattackers to gain unauthorized access.

In contrast, phishing attempts are centered around individuals. Phishing techniques rely on establishing relationships, gaining trust, and finally acquiring the information needed to access restricted systems and networks.

In short, hacking attacks employ a variety of approaches to obtain the information that attackers need. Meanwhile, phishing is more focused on the person who can give up the information required to access the network or data being targeted.

Goals: Hacking vs. phishing

The goal of a hack is either to steal targeted data or gain access to the system itself. Hacks are often executed quickly, intending to secure targeted data or disrupt a network. 

A phishing attack's primary goal is to obtain credentials that give attackers the necessary information or access. Unlike hacking, which can sometimes be flagged as malicious (and can consequently be blocked from a network), phishing attacks gain access to their targeted information or system by using legitimate credentials.

Hacks are usually more straightforward. Attackers don't bother establishing themselves as a trusted entity to gain access and steal information. Phishing attempts involve a more indirect approach. Deceptive tactics grant attackers greater flexibility to exploit systems once they have the right credentials.

Skill requirements: Hacking vs. phishing

Hackers have access to a wide range of tools, some of which can even be pre-packaged as a service and sold to interested cybercriminals. Ransomware, DDoS software, and other hacking methods can be executed by an individual without needing a high level of skill, especially when deploying approaches that rely on brute force.

In contrast, phishing attempts require a thorough understanding of a system's technical elements and the personal qualities of the user who has access to it. These attacks heavily rely on social engineering, which requires the knowledge to manipulate the individual into giving up the needed credentials or information.

Hackers and phishers often have the same level of technical skills to execute attacks, but phishers also need a better understanding of their target to successfully carry out phishing scams. 

Real-life examples: Hacking vs. phishing attacks

Hacking attempts happen all the time, but the most well-known ones target large organizations or famous individuals. For example, ticket seller Ticketmaster was hacked in May 2024, with attackers demanding a $500,000 ransom to prevent the release of over 500 million users' personal data on the dark web.

Phishing attempts are also common incidents, but they tend to target individuals en masse. Phishing emails continue to victimize many users who may lack the awareness to identify the warning signs of such attacks.

What should you do if you are a victim of hacking or phishing attacks?

As cybercriminals become more sophisticated and aggressive with their attacks, it's essential to know what to do if you fall victim to a hack or a phishing attack.

1. Report the incident

While many hacks and phishing attacks target individuals, they could also be part of a larger operation. If you experience a hack or a phishing attempt, it's best to submit a report through the relevant channels (for example, your bank or email provider) and then talk to law enforcement. Some government sites offer guidance on the steps to take after experiencing an attack, including reporting phishing attempts and other similar scams.

2. Secure your accounts

After you report the incident, act quickly to secure your accounts. Change your passwords, enable multi-factor authentication, and remove any connection to compromised emails and accounts. These measures are especially crucial if you’ve clicked on a phishing link and downloaded a malicious file because it's likely that the attacker now has access to your personal information or other similar credentials.

3. Monitor for suspicious activity

Cybercriminals sometimes will not stop at getting information or data from their targets. More elaborate scams can disrupt your accounts for months, especially if attackers manage to steal multiple credentials. Always monitor your accounts for suspicious activity. It’s also crucial to actively check financial statements like your bank history or credit score if you've been involved in financial data breaches or scams.

Security tips on how to protect yourself from hacking and phishing

Cybercriminals continuously develop new and better ways to target individuals with phishing attempts and hacks. However, implementing strong security practices and staying aware of these risks can help you avoid the attacks. Here are some ways you can prevent phishing and hacking attempts:

Use strong and unique passwords

Some of the simplest hacks can happen if the attacker manages to guess your account password. By using strong passwords, you significantly reduce the risk of falling victim to attacks like brute-force attempts or social engineering tactics, where attackers gather clues about your password from your social profiles and online activity.

Enable additional authentication layers

Two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) are among the most effective methods for preventing unauthorized access to your accounts and data. They’re especially useful against phishing attacks because they require additional verification steps that make it more difficult for attackers to gain entry.

Many services and websites today implement some form of 2FA and MFA by default, but you should always check your account settings to ensure they’re enabled.

Regularly update software and systems

Many hacks target outdated systems and software, using old vulnerabilities in their features or code to gain access or steal information. Regularly updating your software and systems ensures sufficient protection against this avenue of attack.

It's generally recommended that you always enable updates when they're available to ensure your system or software is running the latest version. Hackers often exploit the gaps between updates to launch attacks, so staying up-to-date with the latest patches is crucial.

Recognize safe websites and connections

Phishing links and emails typically redirect to fake websites, encouraging you to enter your credentials and giving attackers the information needed to breach your accounts. Modern web browsers will notify you if you're at risk of visiting a potentially unsafe website, providing an extra layer of protection against phishing attempts.

Some hacks also utilize other widely used connections, such as Bluetooth, Apple AirDrop, or public Wi-Fi, to access devices and accounts. Always ensure that you have robust security solutions in place when connecting to these services.

Practice safe online habits

Avoiding sketchy websites and ensuring your passwords are saved on trusted devices are essential practices for avoiding hacks, scams, and phishing attacks. Generally, being aware of security risks online and the appropriate actions to take can go a long way toward ensuring your digital safety.

Other habits to cultivate include doing your own research on the individuals or services you share your data with and not trusting unsolicited communications. These practices lower the risk of falling for a hack.

Use a VPN

Finally, using security solutions such as a VPN can help you stay secure when you browse online, especially when using public networks during travel. Public connections are prime targets for cybercriminals aiming to distribute malicious software.

A VPN encrypts your online traffic, making it harder for hackers to intercept it and enhancing your security online. With this extra layer of protection, you can browse with greater confidence.

Online security starts with a click.

Stay safe with the world’s leading VPN


author laura 1 png

Laura Klusaitė

Laura Klusaitė is a content manager who is curious about technology and online privacy. She learns something new every day and shares that knowledge with readers worldwide.