Also known as: Trojan.Gamarue, Andromeda, Wauchos
Category: Malware
Type: Botnet, trojan, modular malware, worm
Platform: Windows
Variants: Gamarue.A, Gamarue.B, Gamarue.C, Gamarue.D, Gamarue.E, Gamarue.F, Andromeda.P, Andromeda.Q, Andromeda.R.
Damage potential: Stolen credentials, financial data, network spying, data theft, DDoS attacks, spam campaigns.
Overview
Gamarue, widely known as Andromeda, is a botnet that also functions as modular malware. This means it has a flexible architecture, and hackers can adapt it to their specific needs by adding various plugins, components, and new functionalities.
As is typical for botnets, Gamarue invades devices to create a network of infected computers that a hacker can control. This malware arrives on a system as a file dropped by other malware or is downloaded from a malicious site. Cybercriminals can rent the Gamarue modular botnet and use it for various purposes, whether it's denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, spam campaigns, or data theft.
Attackers often use Gamarue to steal sensitive data, such as login credentials and financial data, spy on networks, or launch other malware. Cybercriminals can also use Gamarue for multi-stage attacks in tandem with other malware, such as Zeus, Cutwail, and Dridex. In this scenario, Gamarue acts as a downloader and prepares the system for more specialized malware.
Possible symptoms
Because Gamarue is a modular botnet, its symptoms vary depending on the modules it uses and can manifest in many different ways. It can:
- Attempt connections to suspicious IP addresses and increase your bandwidth without any apparent reason.
- Make your system frequently crash and slow its performance because the botnet consumes system resources.
- Change system settings or browser configurations without your knowledge.
- Make your browser redirect you to unwanted websites and show loads of pop-up ads.
- Send phishing or malicious emails from your email accounts.
- Disable your security software without your knowledge or make it impossible to update.
Sources of infection
Gamarue uses various methods to spread, some of the most popular being:
- Phishing emails with malicious links or file attachments.
- Drive-by downloads or malicious ads on compromised websites.
- Infected removable USB drives.
- Exploit kits caught on malicious websites.
- Pirated or cracked software.
Protection
Try to make sure the botnet doesn’t get onto your device in the first place. Be careful when you get unsolicited emails, especially if they have files or links attached. You can use NordVPN’s Threat Protection Pro™ to make your browsing safer and help you avoid malware like Gamarue. Threat Protection Pro™ will block your access to malicious websites and scan downloads for malware. You can also take the following steps:
- Regularly update your software and operating system to close security loopholes.
- Educate yourself about how to recognize phishing attempts and learn about safe browsing practices.
Businesses can also use network segmentation and access controls to limit the lateral movement of malware.
Removal
If you think Gamarue has infected your computer, you should follow these steps to remove it:
- Disconnect infected devices or systems from the network to prevent further malware spread.
- Boot your computer into safe mode – it will help to limit running processes and reduce the chances of Gamarue remaining active during the cleanup process.
- Use an updated and reputable paid antivirus software to scan your device and remove malicious components.
- Manually check for and remove unrecognized files or processes.
- Consider doing a full system restoration – delete everything on your device, restore factory settings, and start fresh.
- After removal, change passwords and review security settings to prevent reinfection.
